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NAC (N-acetylcysteine): how much to take

NAC is a form of the amino acid cysteine. It thins mucus and helps the body make glutathione. In much of Europe it is sold as a medicine for coughs with mucus.

Calculator Official intake Study doses Best form Safety Sources

Adults 18+ only
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Official daily intake

NAC is not a nutrient, so there is no official daily intake. Only study doses are shown.

Doses used in studies

These are doses tested in research, not personal advice. Some exceed the upper limit because they were short courses or given under medical care.

Moderate evidenceModerate: smaller trials, mixed results or official guidance.Based on 1 meta-analysis, 1 randomised trial.How grades work

Fewer flare-ups in COPD or chronic bronchitis

1,200 mg a day

PANTHEON (China) gave people with COPD 600 mg twice a day for a year: flare-ups were fewer, most clearly in moderate disease. A meta-analysis found NAC lowered exacerbations, with high doses (1200 mg a day) needed in confirmed COPD.

Zheng JP et al. (PANTHEON) 2014 · Cazzola M et al. 2015

Best form and why

No best form

Why: Plain NAC is the form in all the trials. Effervescent tablets (common in the EU) and capsules both work.

Zheng JP et al. (PANTHEON) 2014 · Cazzola M et al. 2015

Food sources

Not found as NAC in food; cysteine comes from protein (meat, eggs, legumes).

Interactions

Should not be taken with nitroglycerin (can cause severe headache and low blood pressure). Ask before combining with activated charcoal or some cough medicines.

Safety

Can cause nausea and a sulfur smell. People with asthma should be cautious. NAC for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose is a hospital treatment, never self-treatment.

Pregnant, breastfeeding, on medication, or managing a health condition? Check with a doctor or pharmacist before starting a supplement.

Sources

  1. Randomised trial Zheng JP et al. (PANTHEON) (2014). Twice daily N-acetylcysteine 600 mg for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet Respir Med (author interview)
  2. Meta-analysis Cazzola M et al. (2015). Influence of N-acetylcysteine on chronic bronchitis or COPD exacerbations: a meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev 24(137):451

Values checked: November 12, 2026.

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